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Public health genomics
Public Health Genomics is the use of genomics information to benefit public health. This is visualized as more effective personalized preventive care and disease treatments with better specificity, targeted to the genetic makeup of each patient.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Genome-based Research and Population Health )〕 According to the CDC, Public Health genomics is an emerging field of study that assesses the impact of genes and their interaction with behavior, diet and the environment on the population’s health.〔
This field of public health genomics is less than a decade old. A number of think tanks, universities, and governments (including the U.S., UK, and Australia) have started public health genomics projects. Research on the human genome is generating new knowledge that is changing public health programs and policies. Advances in genomic sciences are increasingly being used to improve health, prevent disease, educate and train the public health workforce, other healthcare providers, and citizens.
==Public policy==
Public policy has protected people against genetic discrimination, defined in Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary (2001) as unequal treatment of persons with either known genetic abnormalities or the inherited propensity for disease; genetic discrimination may have a negative effect on employability, insurability and other socio-economic variables. Public policy in the U.S. to protect individuals and groups of people against genetic discrimination include the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990), Executive Order 13145 (2000) that prohibits genetic discrimination in the workplace for federal employees,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Time-Line of Genetic Discrimination Legislation, 1990-2005 )〕 and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (2007, first introduced in 2003).
Main public concerns in genomic information are that of (1) Confidentiality (2) Misuse of information (Discrimination by health plans, employer, and medical practitioners) (3) Right and access to genetic information.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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